Ramya Rachamanti*, Chaitanya Gonugunta
Dept. of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College & Hospital, Guntur, A.P. India
*Corresponding author:
Dr. Ramya Rachamanti
Asst. Professor, Department of Pharmacology, NRI medical college Hospital, A.P. INDIA
Ph No : 09849700466, 08667727616
Abstract
Background: The most commonly prescribed Anti-retroviral medications in Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) affected individuals include nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs).They were used as combination therapeutic regimens like ZLN (Zidovudine+ Lamivudine+ Nevirapine) / SLN (Stavudine+ Lamivudine+ Nevirapine) /ELT (Efavirenz+ Lamivudine+ Tenofovir) etc. They are associated with various adverse drug reactions(ADRs) like gastrointestinal, hematological and skin reactions. Objective: The main objective of our research is to know the pattern (Age group, sex, grade, causality relationship) of skin reactions caused by ZLN or ELT regimens used for HIV patients. Materials and methods: This study is a retrospective study. Data was collected from the pharmacovigilance center where ADRs from all the departments of tertiary care hospital were reported. We collected data of ADRs of HIV positive outpatients attending Anti-retroviral therapy unit. Results: Results showed that skin reactions were more common in males when compared to females and age group 21-40 years were more commonly affected.72% of skin reactions were morbilliform rashes in the form of eruptions, 17% were pruritus or itching throughout the body with or without rashes,10% reactions were skin Hyperpigmentation ,1% were severe reactions in the form of Steven-Johnsons syndrome. Conclusion: Thorough clinical monitoring with supportive and symptomatic treatment is required to avoid unnecessary ADRs. There is an utmost need for dermatologists to recognize the reactions in HIV individuals and to give appropriate rationalized therapy.
Keywords: Adverse drug reactions, Anti-retroviral medications, Pharmacovigilance center, Skin hyperpigmentation, Skin rashes, Pruritus.
