Research Articles

2020  |  Vol: 6(3)  |  Issue: 3 (May- June)  |  https://doi.org/10.31024/ajpp.2020.6.3.6

Comparative study of Verapamil, Diltiazem, and Amlodipineon on Gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Kedar C. Gandhi¹, Savita R. Shahani^1*, Reeta Dhar², Santosh S. Gawali³

¹Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, M.S. India

²Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, M.S. India

³Department of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, M.S. India

*Address for Corresponding Author

Dr. Savita R. Shahani

Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, M.S. India

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Abstract

Objectives: Various studies suggest that calcium channel blocker have properties to ameliorate the nephrotoxic effect of gentamicin. Therefore present research was planned to study the effect of Verapamil, Diltiazem and Amlodipine on Gentamicin induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Materials &Methods: Gentamicin sulphate (100mg/kg) was administered to male wistar rats (positive control) for 9 days to induce nephrotoxicity. Amlodipine besylate (1mg/kg), verapamil hydrochloride (3mg/kg) and diltiazem hydrochloride (40mg/kg) was administered concomitantly with gentamicin in test groups. On the 10^thday, 24 hours urine and blood was collected for biochemical analysis and kidneys for histopathology. Results: We observed increase in serum creatinine, serum urea and BUN in positive control. Reduction in serum creatinine was observed in all test groups compared to positive control, which was not statistically significant. Urine volume in positive control was significantly lesser and all test groups were comparable to the sham control. We observed increase in urine creatinine and urine albumin levels and decrease in glomerular filteration rate in positive control  while, urine creatinine and urine albumin levels were higher  in all  test groups with substantial increase in glomerular filteration rate compared to positive control. The weight of kidney was significantly increased in positive control, while in all test groups kidney weight was significantly lesser than positive control. On histopathological analysis, degenerative parameters were lesser in all the three test groups compared to positive control, diltiazem showing maximum protection. Conclusion: This study concludes that verapamil, diltiazem, and amlodipine exert protection against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity.

Keywords: Calcium channel blockers, gentamicin, nephrotoxicity